Participative Leadership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Participative Leadership - Term Paper Example This paper examines different viewpoints and types of participative initiative. Participative initiative assumes a significant job in enabling the organization’s individuals just as imparting observation that the representatives can build up their work jobs and accomplish weighty work. Participative initiative is apparently one of the cutting edge styles of administration that underscores on follower’s point of view and makes an unmistakable authority style and approach. There are assortments of types of participative authority that can be applied by the initiative or the board. Various scholars concurred on particular and important dynamic techniques to be specific imperious, discussion, joint choice and assignment. Note that the dynamic systems differ from non participative despotic dynamic which is practically obsolete to extremely participative dynamic methodology. In participative dynamic systems, the individuals have incredible effect on the result of the choice made. Be that as it may, there are both positive and negative impacts of interest (Ricketts, 2011). Participative initiative offers a variety of potential advantages, for example, higher choice quality and overpowering endorsement by the members. The members are typically happy with the dynamic procedure just as having a decent open door for creating dynamic abilities. Participative dynamic procedure may prompt commitment and sharing of information. Individuals from the associations may have indispensable information, ability or aptitudes in unraveling the current issue which the pioneer might not have accordingly improving the nature of choice made. Investment in dynamic can additionally settle on the members see the choice as their s by possessing it in this way boosting the execution of the choice. This sort of administration typically stress on evasion of issues that bring struggle among individuals by either enhancing the issues

Contextualising Our Countrys Good Essay Example for Free

Contextualizing Our Countrys Good Essay The chronicled setting of this play is generally key, in that the play its self depends on the past. In mid seventeenth century there was a dread inside the center and privileged societies of the raising crime percentage, to a great extent because of an expanding populace and high joblessness figures. The picked answer for this issue was the transportation of convicts to Australia, where they could be utilized as captives to construct a maritime station. The author Timberlake Wertenbaker was conceived in the United States, and furthermore lived in France. Soon after moving to London she turned into a play compose, and is said to have delivered her best work, including Our Countrys Good, during the 1980s. She composed the play after she had found out about the historical backdrop of the transportation of convicts from England to Australia. To do so she utilized assets, for example, the novel The Playmaker by Thomas Keneally, and diaries of marines sent to Australia. Through these diaries she could get a helpful knowledge into what life for convict was truly similar to. She could learn of the marines dissatisfaction that they had been sent to do only a vocation, in such a spot, and the manner by which they took out these disappointments on the convicts. Her insight into such wrong doings comes through unmistakably in the content in scenes, and furthermore through characters, for example, Sergeant Robbie Ross. Through these marines diaries students of history were likewise ready to find that in 1789 a few convicts, and one official put on a performance for the entire state. Through this they had the option to show themselves and their eyewitnesses of empathy, co-activity and innovativeness. This is the key story in Our Countrys Good. With regards to this reasonable methodology Timberlake Wertenbaker put together her characters with respect to genuine convicts of the primary boat to Australia. From what little we are aware of the characters and their lives after Australia we can see Timberlakes impact for their characters and qualities which we can perceive: Timberlakes key character, Ralph Clark, was a genuine individual. The diary he talks of in the play is a real recorded thing on which his character is based. After his time in Australia he is moved to another post, and ensures Mary Brenham, another key character in the play whom he experiences passionate feelings for, is likewise moved. Structure this we can see matches among life and the play in his clear commitment for Mary that we as crowd develop to adore. The character Liz Morden depends on a convict called Nancy Turner. She lived to be exonerated and had a huge family with a rich criminal. This might be the existence we would expect for Liz. Through the play she has reestablished her confidence in humankind and has the certainty and love to assemble a family, and yet she won't turn on her own sort and picks a hoodlum as a darling. John Wisehammer started cultivating and turned into a decent vendor. Similarly as we would expect of his character who consistently professed to be blameless. John Freeman was absolved from hanging, similarly as his character had consistently melted away. In the play we learn of his detest for the activity. Dabby Bryant escaped, as we was already aware her character in the play would, she inevitably wound up back home in Devon. From the above we can see to what degree Wertenbaker was consistent with the genuine story of the convicts in Australia. There is additionally a solid social essentialness to the play. It was written in 1988 for the Royal Court Theater in London. It came toward the finish of a radical period, Thatherite Britain, in which a us and them mentality was solid. What's more, the way that it was a solid entrepreneur party in power was apparent. One of Thatchers most popular remarks was there is nothing of the sort as society, just people and their families. Wertenbaker was holding fast against such mentalities and indicating we should set aside the effort to consider one another and develop as individuals in network which can be shaped, as the convicts appear, in any gathering of individuals, anyway they are initially respected. Wertenbaker utilized the play to depict a message that like sending the convenes away, or rebuffing them with floggings, Michael Howards short sharp stun strategies of the time would not work, yet the key was change, and giving the detainees something else, by accepting they could be more. The play was restored in 1997, as New Labor was coming into power. One of Labors dreams is that individuals can change, its inside them. Similarly as Phillip and Ralph accepted the convicts could, and similarly as Liz Morden demonstrated was valid, as both her and Mary ended up in various manners through the play. There are matches present between this part of the play, and plans for youthful guilty parties today. Youngsters use workmanship, for example, spray painting to wind up through something positive, useful, charming and fulfilling, similarly the convicts utilized The Recruiting Officer. In resuscitating the play it became perceived again and The Recruiting Officer has been acted in detainment facilities as of late, as have different plays with the expectation of doing what Ralph accomplished for the convicts in Our Countrys Good, reestablishing their confidence in mankind and humanitys confidence in them.

George Sugarman (A Sculpture) Essays - George Sugarman,

George Sugarman (A Sculpture) A Polychrome Profusion; stone worker George Sugarman, Fine Arts Building, New York, New York BYLINE: RUBINSTEIN, RAPHAEL Most popular today for his open craftsmanship, George Sugarman started his vocation with officially erratic painted-wood figures. In a life-changing New York presentation, early pieces were appeared close by the 86-year-old craftsman's later aluminum work. Over the span of 1998, there were various significant model displays in New York exhibitions and historical centers, including the Museum of Modern Art's Tony Smith review, Dia's introduction of Richard Serra's Torqued Ellipses, and a gathering of David Smith's late painted-steel works at Gagosian Display. For me, in any case, the most great and intriguing model demonstration of it was a brief overview of George Sugarman's work introduced by Hunter College at the displays in its Fine Arts Building on Manhattan's West 41st Street. Uniting 16 figures made somewhere in the range of 1958 and 1995, the show permitted watchers to follow Sugarman's vocation from his cut wood works of the late 1950s to his polychrome, covered wood bits of the 1960s to the painted-aluminum work that has involved him since the mid 1970s. While the show didn't cover Sugarman's broad movement in the open craftsmanship domain - in the course of the most recent 30 years he has made enormous scope open figures all through the U.S. just as in Europe and Asia- - it was a powerful introduction of his indoor work. (Sugarman has drawn a helpful qualification between what he calls the indoor eye, an exhibition hall and display situated stylish vision which sees crafted by craftsmanship in disengagement from its environmental factors, and the open air eye, which permits us to see open workmanship as a major aspect of a more extensive condition.) Thanks to the nearness of major, seldom observed works, for example, Two out of One (1966) and Ten (1968), the show was an invite token of Sugarman's one of a kind and crucial commitment to after war form. Probably the most punctual work on see was Six Forms in Pine (1959), a cut wood mold which presented to Sugarman his first significant acknowledgment when it won a prize at the 1961 Carnegie International. Among the remainder of his unpainted works, it's an almost 12-foot-long, easily streaming link of level theoretical structures that lays on two platforms set a few feet apart. Undulating examples of etch marks are obvious over each surface just like the layers of the overlaid wood. The structures, which run from tenderly expanding, scene like shapes to all the more pointedly characterized volumes that bring out engineering or hand instruments, are plainly separated inside the ceaseless by and large structure. While the cutting strategy and biomorphism relate Six Forms in Pine to set up sculptural styles of the 1950s, the model likewise has properties which foretell Sugarman's inventive work of the following decade. The twofold platform position, in which the figure is by all accounts jumping off its bases, foresees his resulting end of the platform, and the decided horizontality of the mold is a push toward the all-inclusive structures of the craftsman's 1960s work. Sugarman's next stage was spoken to by three works: Blue and Red (1961), Second Red and Blue (1962) and Three Forms on a Pole (1962). As the titles of the initial two models recommend, shading is a significant segment of these works; the figures likewise show Sugarman's fast disposal of clearly hand-cut surfaces. Estimating 3 1/2 feet high and 5 feet in length, Blue and Red is an open, cut wood piece consolidating geometric uprights with progressively natural cantilevered structures, which are all painted in essential hues. Second Blue and Red, an unobtrusively measured platform work, depends on comparative hues yet, it adopts a totally different compositional strategy. Adjusted on a stout red structure that recommends a bowing middle is an even blue component produced using level, sporadically formed bits of wood that have been squeezed together to make a sort of sideways sculptural sandwich. With hardly any, points of reference in the history of figure, this energetically imaginative blue component (all by itself, just as according to the red structure) reports Sugarman's present for finding new sorts of sculptural grammar. At the point when the Hunter presentation gets the story once more, it's 1966, the year Sugarman made one of the most striking works of his vocation, Two out of One. From the outset look, this model, which was given a display unto itself, seems as though it should be called Nineteen out of One, since it comprises not of two however of 19 distinctive painted-wood structures laid

Domestic Violence - Fact or Fiction - Free Essay Example

Domestic Violence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Fact or Fiction Domestic violence in Australia is one of the most prominent issues of our lifetime. For a long time, women were treated as possessions by men and the law did not legally recognise occurrences such as rape of a wife by her husband. More recently though, societies beliefs and attitudes in regards to the subject of domestic violence has changed quite considerably. Previously the only avenue that existed for victims of domestic violence was through criminal law, now all states of Australia have enacted various forms of domestic violence legislation, to deal with this type of growing problem. (Dosen, et al., 2013) The Family Law Act 1975 defines family violence as: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“violent, threatening or other behaviour by a person that coerces or controls a member of the personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s family (the family member), or causes the family member to be fearful.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Familylawcourts.gov.au, 2014) As stated in the book Investigating Legal Studies for Queensland, there are many different forms of domestic violence and this can include physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological abuse, financial abuse and social abuse. Physical abuse refers to the traditional ideas of domestic abuse. This is the pushing, grabbing, slapping, and kicking in a domestic relationship. Sexual abuse refers sexual assault of a person in a domestic relati onship, as well as sexual acts carried out against a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s will. Psychological abuse is when a person in a domestic relationship is yelling, swearing, or criticising a personà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s personality or looks. Financial abuse refers to when a person in a domestic relationship is controlling all the money in the household, or making a person hand over their money, and social abuse is when the person is controlling who a person sees; for example, not permitting contact with family or friends. (Dosen, et al., 2013) These different forms of domestic violence can be seen within the model on screen. The most recent statistics and information on domestic violence come from the Australian Bureau of Statistics, Personal Safety Survey. This was a national survey that included 16, 400 Australians over the age of eighteen, and was conducted in 2005. This showed that 64.1% incidences of physical assault against women that were recorded within the twelve months prior to 2005 were committed within a home. (Dss.gov.au, 2012) This survey found that 443, 800 women (5.8 percent of the population) in Australia reported that they have experienced either physical or sexual violence within the last 12 months, and that more than a million women had experienced physical or sexual assault by either their current or ex-partner. (Dss.gov.au, 2012) The same survey showed that the majority of domestic violence that happens in Australia is committed by men against women, or men against men. This is shown as it is important to recognize about the survey that much of the violence against men was shown to have been committed by other men. Of the men that had reported to this survey that they had been physically abused within the 12 months before the survey 73.7% said that their attacker was a male. (Domesticviolence.com.au, 2014) Within the years 1996 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2005 the amount of sexual assaults reported to police rose from 14.9% to 18.9%, and during that time frame there was also an increase of reporting physical violence to the police from 18.5% to 36%. (Domesticviolence.com.au, 2014) When comparing the men and women in this survey, it showed that by the age of fifteen, 12.4% of women had been sexually abused. This compared to 4.5% of men within the years of 1996 à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" 2005. (Domesticviolence.com.au, 2014) And although the statistics show that most domestic violence is committed by men, it is a misconception that domestic violence only affects women, as many victims of domestic violence are actually men. The Australian Bureau of Statisticà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s 2005 Personal Safety Survey revealed that approximately 1.3 million women and nearly half a million men had experience some form of domestic violence by a previous or current partner. (Dosen, et al., 2013) Other statistics that were taken from a Queensland Crime report shows that in Queensland there was a 9% increase in breaches of domestic violence prot ection orders. According to Queensland Courts, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“a domestic violence order is a civil order made by a court that imposes conditions to protect a person from future domestic violence.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Domestic and family violence, 2013) This protection order is a final long term order that states that a person cannot commit domestic violence against any person that is named in the order. This order can also state that the person must stay away from the victimà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s home or workplace. (Domestic and family violence, 2013) Penalties for domestic violence are a highly debated topic. Many people believe that the sentences for domestic violence arenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t high enough, whereas others believe that the penalties should stay as they are. In the Domestic Violence and Family Protection Act 2012 it states that the penalties for domestic or family violence is forty penalty units ($40 000) or imprisonment for one year for a first offence. (Alrc.gov.au, 2014 ) If in the three years before the current offence the offender has been convicted of breaching a domestic violence order at least twice, the maximum penalty is two years imprisonment. (Pottslawyers.com.au, 2014) According to the law at this time, in some instances when the victim fights back against their attacker, the victim becomes the perpetrator. (Dosen and Ballantyne et al., 2013) As stated by Amy Corderoy in her article Push For defence for women who kill violent men à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Women who kill their partners often end up pleading guilty to manslaughter or murder, which experts say shows the legal system may be failing domestic violence victims.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Corderoy, 2014) There are few defences in which women may use in a domestic violence case. The most relied on defence for a domestic violence victim is that of self-defence. This defence relates to the acts done upon compulsion, provocation or in self-defence. (Dosen and Ballantyne et al., 2013) Another one of the most prominent defences is the defence of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"battered woman syndrome.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Battered woman syndrome is a mental condition that is suffered by the victim as a result of the domestic violence. In the case of R v Runjanjic and Kontinnen (1992) 56 SASR 114, the victim was killed while asleep. The defendant in this case was told by the victim before they went to sleep that he was going to kill her and their son when he woke up. (Dosen and Ballantyne et al,. 2013) The defendant had suffered quite severe sexual, physical, and mental abuse at the hand of the victim. Although psychologists did testify that the defendant had suffered from battered woman syndrome, the court acquitted the defendant not on this defence, but on the defence of self-defence. Another case that is extremely prominent in regards to battered woman syndrome, and is a landmark case in Australia in relation to domestic violence is that of Robyn Kina (CA No 221 of 1993). In this case an aborigi nal woman was given a life sentence for murdering her husband. The initial case lasted half a day which is the shortest murder trial in Queenslandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s history. After five years in prison, Kinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s case was taken to the court of appeal and upon investigation it was shown that her husband had been abusing her for years and that on the day of his murder, he had made a comment about Kinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fourteen year old niece which in Robyn Kinaà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s words made her à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"snapà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. Robyn Kina was then released on the defence of battered woman syndrome. (The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education, 2004) In 2010 there was another major amendment made to the Criminal Code Act 1899 (Qld) which made the defence of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"Killing for preservation in an abusive domestic relationshipà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢. This is a defence that goes beyond self-defence and allows à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"genuine victimsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ th e appropriate legal protection. (Dosen and Ballantyne et al., 2013) In the article Queenslandà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s domestic killing defence an Australian first by Courtney Trenwith, Attorney General Cameron Dick states that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“research reviewed during the development process found that victims of seriously abusive relationships often commit offences in circumstances that fall outside existing defences, such as self-defence and provocation.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  He also stated that the defence à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ doesnà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢t excuse victims, but it does broaden the courtà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s sentencing options.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Trenwith, 2010) This means that the defence will not be misused by court to acquit cases in which defendants would otherwise be guilty of murder, but it would provide some legal protection for victims of serious domestic abuse. (Trenwith, 2010) The media represents domestic violence in varying ways. There are times when how ità ¢Ã¢ ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s represented can be questioned, and other times when ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s shown that the media coverage of domestic violence is helping domestic violence victims to save themselves from violence relationships. One way that media covers this subject is through the use of movies. One movie that is quite well-known is called Safe Haven. In this movie is shows the life of a victim of a violence relationship escaping her abuser. This is a clip from the movie. Particularly in Australia, this clip shows not only how domestic violence is being targeted by media in Australia, but also shows how many people are becoming more and more aware of the issue, and the amount of people are victims of domestic abuse and how they can get help. In conclusion domestic violence is one of the most important social issues of our time, and it is our responsibility to help protect domestic violence victims, and make sure they know that they have a voice in our society. Bibliography Alrc.gov.au. 2014.Penalties and sentencing for breach of protection orders | ALRC. [online] Available at:https://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/ 12. Breach of Protection Orders/penalties-and-sentencing-breach-protection-orders [Accessed: 9 Mar 2014]. The Australian Journal of Indigenous Education. 2004.Understanding Social and Legal Justice Issues for Aboriginal Women. [online] Available at: https://www.atsis.uq.edu.au/ajie/docs/200433023030.pdf [Accessed: 11 Mar 2014]. Domestic and family violence. (2013, January 11). Retrieved March 3, 2014, from Queensland Courts: https://www.courts.qld.gov.au/courts/magistrates-court/domestic-and-family-violence Domesticviolence.com.au. 2014.DOMESTIC VIOLENCE STATISTICS. [online] Available at: https://www.domesticviolence.com.au/pages/domestic-violence-statistics.php [Accessed: 7 Mar 2014]. Dosen, A., Ballantyne, T., Brumpton, M., Gibson, K., Harris, L., Lippingwell, S., et al. (2013). Investigating Legal Studies for Queensland. Port Melbourne: Cambridge University Press. Dss.gov.au. 2012.Facts about womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s safety | Australian Government Department of Social Services. [online] Available at: https://www.dss.gov.au/our-responsibilities/women/publications-articles/general/fact-sheets-womens-issues/facts-about-women-s-safety [Accessed: 7 Mar 2014]. Familylawcourts.gov.au. 2014.The Family Law Act and family violence. [online] Available at: https://www.familylawcourts.gov.au/wps/wcm/connect/FLC/Home/Family+Violence/The+Family+Law+Act+and+family+violence/ [Accessed: 9 Mar 2014]. Masterson, J. 2014.Crime after Crime (Documentary) 2011. Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfI6r_4RjGQ [Accessed: 4 Mar 2014]. Mulroney, J., Australian Domestic and Family Violence. (n.d.). Australian Statistics on Domestic Violence . Retrieved November 4, 2013, from Australian Domestic and Family Violence Clearinghouse: https://www.adfvc.unsw.edu.au/PDF files/Statistics_final.pdf Pottslawyer s.com.au. 2014.Breach Of Domestic Violence QLD Law Article Potts Lawyers. [online] Available at: https://www.pottslawyers.com.au/breach-of-domestic-violence-qld-offence.html [Accessed: 9 Mar 2014]. Queensland Police. 2013.Queensland Crime. [online] Available at: https://www.police.qld.gov.au/Resources/Internet/services/reportsPublications/statisticalReview/1112/documents/QldCrime.pdf [Accessed: 11 Mar 2014]. Something in common. 2014.Violence against women. [online] Available at: https://somethingincommon.gov.au/dig-deeper/freedom/violence-against-women [Accessed: 5 Mar 2014]. Trenwith, C. 2010.Queenslands domestic killing defence an Australian first. [online] Available at: https://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/queenslands-domestic-killing-defence-an-australian-first-20100210-nq7j.html [Accessed: 9 Mar 2014].

An Argument Against Racial Profiling - 2126 Words

Racial profiling is when an officer of law targets an individual not on their behavior, but rather their personal characteristics, such as race, ethnicity, national origin and religion. Racial profiling has been an issue that dates back earlier than the 1700s. Then when the fourth and fourteenth amendments were created, some thought racial profiling would simmer down. The fourth amendment states that the government is prohibited from any unreasonable seizes or searches; while the fourteenth amendment states that all men are presented with equal protection of the law. Unfortunately, even with the bill of rights, racial profiling still remained an issue. Recently, Arizona passed a law known as the show me your papers law, allowing officers†¦show more content†¦It is necessary to essentially filtering out the criminals based on suspicion. Statistically, most criminals are Hispanic or black, while most terrorists are from the middle east. Based on said statistics, they feel it i s a criteria to be met, while patrolling. If a Muslim is traveling at an airport, they are suspicious solely based on their religion, and therefore require more security measures than the Caucasian man. If an African-American man presents himself with a baggy shirt, and his pants sagging below his buttocks, surely his intentions are not anything lawful. Also, the Mexican man driving in Arizona, just might be an illegal alien, because the border is so close, so surely he is suspicious. Law officers are taking racial stereotypes, and applying them in a professional setting towards individuals to separate the good and the bad of each religion, race, or ethnicity. They feel it is necessary, to do so because it will save future crimes from happening, or future terrorist attacks. On the opposing side, racial profiling shouldnt be allowed because there isnt enough proof, to show its benefiting our society in any way. It makes a mockery out of the Bill of Rights, since it is a blatant vio lation of the fourth and fourteenth amendment. Not only that, statistics show that it doesnt do what its supposed to. â€Å"An ACLU lawsuit uncovered police data indicating that while 73 percent of suspects pulled over on I-95Show MoreRelated An Argument Against Racial Profiling Essay1129 Words   |  5 PagesI dont want to talk about whether or not racial profiling is legal. Racial profiling is not an effective law enforcement tool. -- Eric Holder, 82nd Attorney General of the United States Before any argument can be made against racial profiling, it is important to understand what racial profiling is. The American Civil Liberties Union, defines racial profiling as the discriminatory practice by law enforcement officials of targeting individuals for suspicion of crime based on the individualsRead MoreEssay on An Argument Against Racial Profiling878 Words   |  4 PagesWhen people act on their stereotypical views, that is when stereotyping becomes a big concern and can affect others.Stereotyping is the main cause that leads to profiling. Anyone of any race can experience profiling, and racial profiling discriminates and victimizes people who may not necessarily be committing a crime. Innocent minorities may be portrayed to do be doing something bad. According to Sameera Hazif, Policy Director of Rights Working Group, an African American named Mahari Bailey wasRead MoreAn Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police1379 Words   |  6 PagesRacial profiling in the dictionary is â€Å"the assumption of criminality among ethnic groups: the alleged policy of some police to attribute criminal intentions to members of some ethnic groups and to stop and question them in disproportionate numbers without probable cause (â€Å"Racial Profiling†).† In other words racial profiling is making assumptions that certain individuals are more likely to be involved in misconduct or criminal activity based on that individual’s race or ethnicity. Racial profilingRead More An Argument Against Racial Profiling by Police Essay example834 Words   |  4 PagesThis essay will bring to light the problem of racial profiling in the police force and propose the eradicatio n of any discrimination. The Fourth Amendment states â€Å"the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† DespiteRead MoreArrested Development Essay1054 Words   |  5 PagesWilliams ------------------------------------------------- EN102 Outline for argument analysis: Arrested Development I. ------------------------------------------------- Introduction: * ------------------------------------------------- James Forman Jr. targets this article towards conservatives who oppose racial profiling * ------------------------------------------------- Claim: Forman claims that racial profiling is an ineffective way to enforce the law and should be stopped. ------------------------------------------------- Read MoreIs Racial Profiling Justified?642 Words   |  3 PagesAn argument if racial profiling is justified Would you put your brother, sister mother or any other family in jail if the fit the profile of a perpetrator who committed a crime and is profiled by race or ethnicity? This same question roams around the psyche of every person on who need to solve a crime. But the bigger question in regard for racial profiling if it is justified. Racial profiling cannot be justified as it attacks the very root of society on which they are built. Two key issues centralRead MoreThe Problem With Racial Profiling1561 Words   |  7 Pages we have a problem in our justice system with racial profiling. Racial profiling is defined as targeting or stopping an individual based on his or her race without suspicion of a crime. On one hand, we have people who are completely against racial profiling. On the other hand, some believe that there is no problem with racial profiling. I am very interested in finding out both sides of this argument. What are the rights and wrongs of racial profiling? I chose Jeffrey Toobin’s (2013) blog post RightsRead MoreRacial Profiling And The Right For Police Officers1526 Words   |  7 Pagesamongst American citizens and even top government officials. Racial profiling is a subject that has stirred up so much controversy in the past that it still hasn t been fully resolved to this day. To put into historical context, periods of American history as the Jim Crow era, segregated colored people by regarding them as second-class citizens and restricted them from access to specific public facilities. The justification of racial profiling is an important social issue that affects society as a wholeRead MoreRacial Profiling in Canada1166 Words   |  5 PagesRacial profiling is the act of selecting targets for criminal investigation not on behavioural merit, but exclusively on markers of personal identity such as race, ethnicity, and religious orientation (Perry, 2011, p.9). In other words, racial profiling is the by-product of subjecting individuals who are from a particular racial community to a higher degree of scrutiny and surveillance by criminal justice system agents when compared to other racial communities (Wortley and Owusu-Bempah, 2011, p.135)Read MoreShould The Color Of One’S Skin Subject Them To A Higher1684 Words   |  7 Pagescontroversial topic in today’s society and leaves many confused. There are many arguments from all sides, some saying that this practice has helped catch many criminals and that people would not have to worry if they are not doing anything wrong. Others deny it all together and say that racial profiling simply does not exist and police officers are just trying to do their job. These arguments are both wrong. Not only does racial profiling exist, but it is wrong and only serves to create fear where there should

Assignment Questions On Economic Principles - 1049 Words

Koo Weng Liang Written Assignment 1 (Microeconomics) for DB106 Economic Principles Assignment Questions Question 1 A) An opportunity cost will arise when economists using between alternative ways of allocating scarce resources. The opportunity cost is for economists to make decision of the alternative use of scarce resources. By using production possibility frontiers (PPF) can be illustrated the opportunity cost to result a clear simple way to effects of making economic choice. A PPF is show the consumers goods and consumers services at the same time. B) Suppose that the two goods that the country AMP produces Apples and Mobile phones. If the production possibility frontiers (PPF) were a straight line, the additional of the unit of mobile phones required to forgone the unit of apples. For example, to move to point A to point B (in order to produce 200 mobiles phones) 50 apples must be forgone. To move point b to point c (to gain another 200 mobile phones), 125 apples must be forgone. As the country AMP sifts from Apples to Mobile Phones can resulted the PPF becomes steeper and opportunity cost of the mobile phones increases. At point B most are producing Apples, although that mobile phones are more suitable to build. At point D most are producing mobile phones. Producing more mobile phones would cause a big drop in Apples output. The PPF would be Bowed-Shaped if resources with varying opportunity costs. 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Discussion of Market Success to Succession

Question: Describe theDiscussion of Market Success to Succession? Identify the importance of wetware costs. Identify an organisation implementing an Accounting Information System. Discuss the relevance of wetware costs to the implementation in the organisation you have identified. Answer: Introduction Identify the importance of wetware costs User training encounter and understanding is referred to as wetware. It also refers to the brain of the user. Generally, it is characterized by the following merits: 1. It generally boosts the suppliers income as they incorporate the indirect cost in their total expenditure. These costs on time which they spend on updating the software in order to respond to the user's commands send from the hardware by the users in order to attain the output. 2. It has led to solving more IT problems more than they create (Rawson 2002). This has been enhanced by reduction of information fatigue caused by information overload. 3. It leads to innovation and invention since there is a need for changes to be made to the software and hardwired for the wetware effects on the market to be tamed. 4. It can improve and promote learning to the users since they are being provided by the knowledge and technical know-how which makes them ready to use and apply the IT hardware and softwares application. 5. It can lead to the improved living standards of the suppliers since the programmers, developers and IT architects can be able to be paid highly due to the high sales since the losses will be curbed due to incorporation of the indirect costs (Rawson 2002). 6. The applications, servers, networks and the rest of IT system will be improved for the employees, programmers and developers are motivated hence increase efficiency and effectiveness. 7. It leads to meeting users needs and lowers the extent to which they are compelled to acclimatize to the practice. 8. Wetware gives users assess, indexing, manipulation and analysis of information and furthermore, promote communication. 9. It has led to adoption of lot of new systmes that contain individual learning schedules for customized needs. Programs such as Ms. Word and XP provide customized interfaces which are efficient and easy to use. Identify the importance of wetware costs. Human beings are less reliable, and wetware infrastructure helps reduce the human errors. When errors resulting from human mistakes are made, some of them may be fatal and may lead to the incurrence of huge costs such as repair costs. Wetware systems help reduce such errors thereby proving quality, accurate and reliable results. Programmers, developers, system designers, cloud and IT architects, as well as other employees directly, are able to directly affect how servers, applications, networks and the rest of the IT systems function. Hence, there is more control of the wetware system which that is why it is effective. Wetware infrastructure helps lower the costs of implementation of an array of systems. It is hence economic to install wetware systems in order to provide economically effectively and efficient systems (Levin, Rubin Stinson 1986). Installing other related softwares may be hefty to the organization but with wetware systems, it is cost effective. Incurring wetware costs provides for the installation of systems that boost production and thus contribute to the increasing of the revenues from the firm. A business that has incurred wetware costs cannot be compared to one that has not. Incurrence of costs helps the organization increase its diversity in terms of the scope of operation. Discuss the relevance of wetware cost to the implementation in the organization you have identified. With the emerging trends in the globe today, vast number of software and programs are being designed with the overall aim being to increase the usability of the programs as well as making tasks easier and more doable. The systems are designed in a way that provides for the solvation of myriad user problems (Levin, Rubin Stinson 1986). The wetware cost is an indirect cost which are majorly incurred in the organization while creating awareness to the users applications, networks and accessing, interpreting, correcting information. Yahoo is a company that majorly provides mailing services. There is a need therefore for them to educate users on the usage of the website, employ programmers to update and access the cloud (Chen 2003). Moreover, the processes help them air their adverts, for the final consumers to acquire and sufficiently use for varies decision-making e.g. product promotion. Furthermore the Yahoo system dominates acquisition of decisions to reduce the hardware and software costs, for example, the cost of using the system, analyzing, justifying and drawing conclusion from the results offered. Contrary to the introduction age of the computers, these costs were too small and buried in the other expenses. Implementing an Accounting Information System such as NetSuite which involves the use of business clouds software contributes to the automation of business process through incorporation of systems such as enterprise resource management (ERP), CRM, PSA, end to end B2C, service resource planning software, openAir as well as NetSuite business intelligence. Many of the ecommerce software available in stores and which have been utilized by enterprises have seen the corporations record increased profit margins. Accounting information systems provide informational summaries of reports every week or month depending on the frequency set by the business itself. The role of AIS is critical. It is indeed clear that utilizing AIS contributes a lot to effective business decision making process. The quality of decisions made by the businesses using AIS is far much above organization that do not utilize the systems. The internal controls, performance evaluation help an organization in conducting its transactions effectively. Accessibility of information has enables corporations plan adequately on their production levels as well as forecast their demand and sales budgets. This has in turn helped lower the occurrences of surpluses and shortages. What this implies to an economy is that resources in the economy will be utilized optimally through avoidance of excesses and shortages. As a computer system software, AIS reduces the prevalence of making human errors which are common especially when computing figures and calculations manually. Business are hence able to report accurately of their revenues. This to a nation helps in the tax collection since reporting the correct accurate amount of tax will help the government raise funds through taxes collected. The cases of tax evasion will hence be lowered. An increase in tax collection by the government is also beneficial to the citizens since the government will be able to provide better services with the given tax revenue. Tax revenue reported has favorable effects on the economy as it an injection. Draw some conclusion. In conclusion, wetware cost is an essential factor which should be given priority over hardware and software. This is because, it is the feature which determines the way the hardware and software work and interprets the input into output. When left unchecked, then IT market will chilled, in the long run. It will also stall the human progress since people will tend not to respond to the changes in technologies making the IT experts to relent and be the custodian of knowledge. The massive rise in wetware costs are rising especially in the 1990s caused shocks in the market scenes. This has a great impact on the economy (Chen 2003). In relation to Figure 4, the actual cost of equipments fells as the expenses on the equipment reduces drastically than software while wetware increases (Dubash 2005). This, therefore, confirms that the wetware are indirect cost which should be tamed without delay. Eventually, the use of adaptive systems has seen the reduction in prices into what will see the reduction in the wetware costs. In the future, there is a likelihood that culture and businesses will will delve into the onus of solving the wetware-cost problem and most likely, human beings will connect effectively with the technology. This will ultimately increase the growth effects of culture and technology in the economy. References Chen, M. (2003). Moores Law Technology and Economics. Technology Manufacturing Group, Intel Research Development. . Dubash, M. (2005). Moore's Law is dead, says Gordon Moore. Levin, I., Rubin, D. Stinson, J. (1986). Quantitative Approaches to Management. 6th ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company. Canada: Toronto. Rawson, H. (2002). Unwritten Laws: The Unofficial Rules of Life as Handed Down by Murphy and Other Sages. Castle Books. Edison, N.J.

The Emergence of Middle Class an Example of the Topic Economics Essays by

The Emergence of Middle Class For the longest time, status in the society is determined by the wealth a person was able to acquire and to use. Money has been the significant tool in knowing the place of a person in the society. However, in nineteenth century, another class in the society was developed due to several reasons which highly include economy of the country. There are no enough descriptions and sources about the middle class. Throughout the years, society has been into the rich and the poor, the high and the low but in the nineteenth century of American society, middle class came out and ruled the whole country. In times of recession, middle class emerged as the saving tool of the country from total destruction. Need essay sample on "The Emergence of Middle Class" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Undergraduates Usually Tell EssayLab writers: I experimented to do my topics essay on my own and it was a failure. Click On Order Button And Get Set To Be Impressed Essay Writing Service Get Paid To Write Papers For Students Essay Writing Service Cheap Essay Help In nineteenth century, American Society was indeed in good shape going into bad situation. There are divisions in the society and among these divisions was middle class. Although middle class emerged late already compared to other classes, it made a remarkable impact both in the society and in the economy of the country. The development of this class although not that clear in present drove several social history researches in present. However it is understood that the development of middle class is due to the transformation of classes in the society and because of the changes in occupational structure. Due to these changes in occupational structure, growth of industrial-capitalism soon followed together with rapid urbanization, number of immigrations and the geographic mobility in the United States of America (Archer and Blau, 1993). The emergence of the middle class in the nineteenth century is something new to the society. Middle class although is not the superior holds a lot of power and saying over the society. They have so many differences to the other classes provided that they are of the same nature and race, mostly immigrants and workers. What mattered at that time for the classes was not entirely the money but how these people choose to spend their money and on where they invested it. Furthermore, they were identified because of their ability to make social connections and how they build social relationships because of their money, their funds and investments (Purcell). Being part of the middle class requires a lot of things although not that hard to achieve but usually are very naturally. For African-Americans, being middle class is impossible. In the case of the immigrants, especially Irish immigrants, it is kind of hard also to break in into the world of the middle class because in them, nativity is inculcated (Purcell). Hence, it is well understood that the development of middle class in the American Society of Nineteenth Century is brought of transformations and social changes, including social mobility. Although the latter is really limited, being middle class is easy for native born and the member of the White society. References Archer, Melanie and Blau, Judith R. Class formation in nineteenth-century America: the case of the middle class. Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 19, 1993 Purcell, Sarah J., Ph.D. The Emerging Middle Class. Grinnell College.

Life-Span Development

Life-Span Development Free Online Research Papers From the time of conception until death, humans constantly change. Even though some of the changes result from chance incidents and unique to his or her choices, most of changes throughout life’s different stages are due to the common biological and psychological make up. Life-Span development is the physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development of humans through all life stages that consist of conception through childhood, adolescence, and early through late adulthood. Through characteristics, domains and periods, the lifespan perspective is evaluated. Lifespan Development Life-span development begins with conception and continues all throughout life from changes that begin at conception and last until death. Children go through many changes throughout life that develop over time such as physical growth, cognitive development and psychosocial development including emotional and social development. The physical development consists of body and organ growth, physical signs of aging and motor abilities. Cognitive development is responsible for the way children think and perceive the world through continuities in perception, language, learning memory and problem solving. Psychosocial display changes in personal and interpersonal development such as emotions and social relationships (Sigelman Rider, 2005, pp. 2, 3). Emotional development enables children to feel emotions such as embarrassment, guilt, or pride. Social development affects how children understand friendship, sharing and interaction with others. Each development interacts and influences one a nother (Kuther, 2000). Characteristics of the Lifespan Perspective Development has unique features depending on the individual. Improvements in nutrition, health and medical knowledge have increased the average life expectancy. The lifespan perspective is made up of characteristics which are lifelong, multidirectional, multidimensional, plastic, multidisciplinary, contextual and involving growth, maintenance, and regulation. Development is lifelong meaning that no age period is supreme and is also faced with challenges and adjustments which are multidimensional. This is affected by biological, psychological and social forces. Lifespan development is also multidirectional meaning that continued growth as well as decline affects development. Researchers point out that development is plastic which has the capacity for change. A child whose intellectual development is diminished from malnutrition can regain intellect if they are given a proper diet and positive experiences. Lastly, development is highly diverse and influenced by many forces such as biol ogical, historical, social, and cultural (Berk, 2007 chap. 1 p. 8-10. Human Development Domains and Periods The three major domains of development each affecting each other is biological, cognitive and psychosocial. The biological domain represents bodily changes, maturation and growth. The cognitive domain consists of mental processes of imaging, perceiving, reasoning and problem solving. This leaves the psychosocial domain, the emotions personality and social interactions and expectations. Within these domains, lie eight periods within human development. The lifespan development is divided into eight major periods of human development consisting of the infancy and toddler, early childhood, middle childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, middle adulthood, and late adulthood (Boyd Bee, 2006, p.7). Throughout life, a human will proceed through each stage. As the newborn grows into toddler, thinking, language, and personality characterize these individuals. In the middle years, family school and friends along with personality and cognitive skills become important. The transition of childhood to adulthood shows sexual development to be apparent leading to thoughts of marriage and career. As adults age the thought of retirement become apparent. Contemporary Concerns related to Lifespan Development Concerns related to lifespan development are nature versus nurture and continuity and discontinuity. For centuries, researchers thought changes in humans were due to forces whether inside or out. Contributions and experimental factors of biological processes are known as nature versus nurture (Boyd Bee, 2006, p.7). Those who are on the side of nature believe that children are born with certain behaviors that are innate and are inborn biases. These patterns may be the product of genetic or their prenatal environment. Either way, babies are not born as blank slates. For those who lean toward nurture, the effects of certain experiences depend on the individual’s perception. With continuity and discontinuity, the debate is based on whether the age-related change is primarily a matter of amount or degree or type or kind. A child’s number of friends differs depending on age. The age related differences are categorized as universal, group specific and individual changes (Boyd Bee, 2006, pp, 9-11.). Children progress gradually through different stages of cognitive development. Intelligence and personality traits throughout childhood can merge into adulthood. This continuity has room for change. A child appearing intellectual can lose this trait if they become abused and neglected. All humans experience universal change. This change is unique to a certain age. The group specific changes tend to occur in those with similar cultural and historical experiences. While individual changes are due to genetic factor and the timing of experiences, everyone is unique to his or her own genes such as physical characteristics, genetic disorders intelligence and personality (Boyd Bee, 2006 pp. 9-11). Conclusion The science of life-span development continues to evolve over the years making development a lifelong process. Longevity has increased and many have begun to realize the importance of each age period of life. Through interaction with their physical environments and loving parents, children progress towards milestones. Individuals become unique and throughout life, people are shaped by the time and energy invested. As time goes by, people change and display different patterns of change with age. Research Papers on Life-Span DevelopmentThree Concepts of PsychodynamicInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaOpen Architechture a white paperThe Fifth HorsemanRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andGenetic EngineeringBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaEffects of Television Violence on Children

Challenges Faced in the search for the History of crime and punishment Essay

Challenges Faced in the search for the History of crime and punishment in England and Wales - Essay Example To understand this, they have to deal with a great deal of criminal records. These criminal records vary in the nature of punishment administered for various crimes during different times in history. Another problem experienced by these researcher is that there is a lot of information on paper records about the nature of crime and punishment in England and Wales more than information in the internet. They have to scrutinise large records of information about crime administered for various cases. These records may include prison registers, petitions for clemency, judges report and other report from criminal justice agents. Researchers have to understand various circumstances that led to change in the history of these societies. They have to pay attention to civilisation, industrialisation and the growth of population. Also, some cases that form precedents are unique in their own way. The decision by a judge is sometimes influenced by circumstances that were only relevant during that time. Therefore, these individuals have to understand this aspect as they were in history. For example, the criminal responsibility age in both Wales and England is 10 years. However, the 1993 case of Jamie Bulger entailed a child being taken to an adult court in Liverpool. Criminological theories help researchers to understand various change in the perception of crime and punishment by the criminal Justice system in both England and Wales. For example the social learning theory helps to understand the history of crime in both jurisdictions since criminal records have shown that individuals brought up in environments prone to crime have a higher tendency of committing crime. In both areas, criminal activities that have been reinforced frequently and punished infrequently have been found to occur again and again. For example, alcohol abuse among minors, school truancy and gambling are more often since they have been found to be infrequently punished(Hostettler p. 100). The proponents of radical criminology argue that criminal act are socially constructed and there is not act which is immoral or criminal without being defined by the society. This theory proposes that wealth should also be distributed equally in the society to eradicate crime. It may be used to help understand why crime in both England and Wales is by both the rich and the poor. The nature of punishment varies depending on the circumstances surrounding the crime. Foucault’ opinion and crime and punishment were passionate and placed a lot of emphasis on punishing people less and doing it better. Foucault’s opinions on crime and punishment assist learners to understand the evolution of crime and punishment and the evolution of prisons. His theoretical position has enabled people to understand the history of crime and punishment in England and Wales in the sense that prisons from the past in both England and Wales have not reduced crime in the society. To understand the history of crime and punishment, the element of repeat offending ( recidivism) that was coined by this scholar as a consequence of Imprisonment has to be taken into consideration. There may be minimal records to how this element of crimes that have occurred in both England and Wales. The survival of records about crimes of the past in both England and Wales is also a challenge for individuals intending to unearth history of crime in these two places. Record keeping of the criminal Justice agents was not as good as it is today since technology has made things easier and information more accessible to researchers . Also,

Samsung Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Samsung - Research Paper Example Diversification of the company’s products has enabled it to become a global leader in the electronics industry. The company produces display devices, television sets, digital cameras and mobile phones. However, the company has ventured in the tablets market and has already become a major player in this division. Global Marketing Strategy A robust marketing has enabled Samsung electronics to stay ahead of its competition. The current business environment for electronics dictates that companies become customer-centric. This is whereby companies have to put customer needs first as they develop products or services. This has called for customization of products to the end user specifications or needs. However, the use of customization as a global marketing mix strategy comes into conflict with standardization. In Global marketing, a company needs to try to balance between these two strategies of marketing mix so as to remain relevant and stay ahead of competition (Armstrong and Ko tler 35). Globalization has for years been a disputed phenomenon in various ways including in definition, magnitude and effects. Thus a company should come up with most appropriate measure to handle it. A. Marketing Mix a) Product i. Standardization vs. Customization Standardization as a global marketing mix strategy implies an organizational design that is centralized. A company that adopts this strategy trades its products in one form. Benefits of adoption of this strategy include low operational costs and thus better economies of scale and uniformity of products. However, standardization has drawbacks of lack of competitive edge on products and is heavily reliant on economies of scale for profit margins. Customization on the other hand is a marketing mix strategy that implies an organizational design that is decentralized (Birnik and Bowman 70). This strategy is customer centered and considers needs of customers as per their location and needs. A company that adopts this strategy in its marketing mix benefits in an increase in its revenues since their products will have more appeal to customers. Disadvantages of this strategy include lack of benefit on economies of scale by a company and lack of uniformity in the global image of a company. Samsung Electronics has been successful in maintaining a trade-off between customization and standardization strategies with the help of the internet. According to Hadjinicola and Kumar there should be a combination of these strategies because it maximizes performance of an organization (62). The company has established divisions depending with regions and continents where they are able to customize their products to needs of locals while at the same time availing some non-localized products in these markets. The company has also placed applications for the devices they sell on the internet with and option of individual customization. Using these ways the company has been able to cater for traveling customers and well as local residents in a market. A level of cooperation between the subsidiary products and the parent product optimizes the performance of company products in the market. ii. Cultural Factors Culture of people in a region plays a very key role in determination of a company’s strategic approach in international markets. This is a very vital consideration especially in product advertising and

Courage Mother and her Children critique Essay Example for Free

Courage Mother and her Children critique Essay â€Å"Mother Courage and Her Children† by Bertolt Brecht took place during the 30 Years’ War in Europe. The whole play revolved around the survival of a lower class family, trying to live through the harsh war with their canteen wagon business. Each scene in the play contained the factors of religious, honesty, war, loyalty, and family. The theme of â€Å"Mother Courage and Her Children† was maternity, due to the fact that Mother Courage’s sense of coldhearted business caused her become unable to protect her children, which led to their deaths, leaving her all alone in the end. Mother Courage was always doing business while each of her children died during the play. This shows that she was more interested in her business and money than her own children, and an example of this can be seen when her thirst for money had caused Swiss to die because she took too long to decide whether or not to trade her money in for her son’s life. Mother Courage was the protagonist in the play, while the war was the antagonist. The war caused Mother Courage to base her living on it. Due to the fact that they were living during a war, this caused Mother Courage to be so focused on making money, that she ended up neglecting her children. It also caused her to be unable to watch her daughter get married, since Kattrin could only get married when peace returned and the war ended. War is also the antagonist, due to the fact that is also caused Mother Courage to lose her sons as well. The play was a tragedy because in it, Mother Courage’s children all perished, and she was left all alone in the end. In the play, Bretch assigned each of Mother Courage’s children with a â€Å"tragic flaw† as a result of her failure to learn to choose family over business. The tragedies that Mother Courage’s children suffered throughout the play were Swiss, with honesty, Eilif, with arrogance, and Kattrin, with pity. Mother Courage had to go through suffering of the death of each of her children one by one and was unable to do anything about it. The set of the play was a major contribution to the play. The use of a proscenium stage was the best fit for this type of play since it allowed the audiences to focus on the center of the stage where Mother Courage’s wagon was. Mother Courage’s family always moved around. However, their wagon was still placed at nearly the same spot on the stage, which tells the audience that they were not moving anywhere because no matter where they moved to, they still faced the same struggles and hardships. Even though the setting mostly remained the same from scene to scene, backgrounds changed from one scene to another, which allowed the audience to know that the scene was taking place in a different location. There was almost always the same lighting throughout the whole play. The only thing that changed about the lights was the brightness; the lights were brighter during the day and dimmer at night. There were some spotlights. However, it only appeared upon the actors who came before each scene, in order to tell the audience what will happen in the upcoming scene. The lighting of â€Å"Mother Courage Mother and Her Children,† was different from the other play that I went to. Usually lights would go off when changing from one scene to another, so that characters were able to get on and off stage, in order to prepare the set for the scene. However, in this play, the lights were still on during scene transitions. Bretch made pulling the wagon in and out of the stage as an exit and enter for each scene, which didn’t require the actors to quickly change settings for different scenes. The background sound of gunshots and bombs that were playing throughout the play allowed the audience to feel as if the war was actually taking place during the play. The gunshots sounded very loud, making the audience feel as if it was nearby. Without the sounds, the audience would not have been able to feel the mood of the war. Sounds of gunshots added more effects to the mood of war, giving the audience an the image of how deadly the war was. The play was a musical play, since there were many parts where Mother Courage and some singers in the background sang and played instruments. The entrance to the play was also a song that expressed the mood and feeling of the war. Mother courage sang in almost every scene, to express her feelings. She also sang in the last part of the play when Kattrin died. The costumes of the play reflected the life of the characters in the play. The costumes did not really tell the time period in which the play took place because the characters were just wearing normal types of rural clothes that had many layers, and were attached with many pieces of fabric. The characters in the play had the same outfit throughout the whole play, and this outfit not only showed their poverty, but also the condition of life during the war, due to the fact that they were unable to have clothes to change into. The many layers of clothes worn were everything that the characters owned, and this showed their struggles, due to the fact that they are unable to buy any new clothes. Overall, the play was easy to understand because it was in modern English and there were no accent in the characters’ pronunciation, which allowed the audience to understand what the characters were saying. Mother Courage struggled throughout her life with her business and children, but ended up with nothing due to the war, in which she was favoring. The war had brought Mother Courage the business she needed, but took away her children one by one.

Gravity :: essays research papers fc

Gravity has many benefits to humanity. It holds us to the earth so we do not fall off the earth and die in space. It holds the planets in orbit around the sun, and moons in orbit around their planets. It also holds stars in orbit around the center of the universe. (Gibben, page 14) Sir Isaac Newton thought that God created a perfect universe. He thought our universe was so perfectly designed that if God left the universe could run by itself. This view was extremely different early pagan scientist and offered new views about gravity. (Lindley page 34 and 35). Some two-hundred years later Einstein developed the General theory of Relativity. In this theory he stated that matter disturbs space-time. he said that the universe is like a giant rubber sheet and objects such as stars bend space-time. (Gibben, page 49.) One of a gravity's most complicated features are black holes. Black holes are objects that have as strong or stronger pull of gravity as stars such as the sun compacted into a extremely small space. It is so strong that light can not escape a black hole. It has been proven that black holes leak. The smaller the black hole is the more it leaks. (Gibben, page 46) If a object is put in the path of a black hole the process of spegetification begins. This process begins when an object falls under gravity it stretches and stretches into a long thin object. the only way to get out is by traveling faster than the speed of light. (Gibben, page 63) According to Newton, if the sun was to disappear, the sun's gravity would immediately disappear with it. This would cause the gravitational attraction of the sun and earth to immediately leave into outer space. Then the earth along with all the other planets, moons, and asteroids would fling into space.

A Drinking Life: A Memoir

A Drinking Life by Pete Hamill is the story of one man’s struggle with alcoholism and the contributing factors that caused him to be become an alcoholic. A large part of his argument is that during his childhood and adolescence it was considered cool to drink heavily. He stated â€Å"There was a celebration and you got drunk.There was a victory and you got drunk†¦part of being a man was to drink.† (p. 57) Parents have great authority over the formation of social habits of their children even if the children are not aware of this influence. â€Å"†¦parents and peers affect adolescent drinking through two types of social influence: modeling and social control.† (Reifman, Barnes, Dintcheff, Farrell & Uhteg, 1998)Hamill’s father was an alcoholic so he was introduced to it at a young age. Many of his memories are of his father passed out or extremely drunk and he claims this role model gave him the idea that men were supposed to drink. Children of alc oholic parents have a higher risk to be alcoholics themselves. According to Tomori (1994) â€Å"Such adolescents use alcohol to relieve anxiety, reduce dissatisfaction and mistrust, and give vent to accumulated aggression.In adolescents brought up in alcoholic family environments, alcohol, entering through several receptor sites, fills many gaps left over from the development period prior to separation. Their parents–either the alcoholic parent, or the partner living with him/her in co-dependency, or both of them–who are themselves filled with distress, depression, and anxiety, usually cling to their children while at the same time manifesting overt signs of resentment and rejection.In this state of pathological ambivalence, they both reject their children and try to tie them to themselves, thus seriously hindering their separation. As a result, many children of alcoholic parents develop defensive aggression or passive resistance, or take recourse to some other inappr opriate patterns of defensive behavior.†Hamill explains in the book that he was always fighting someone. He either fought in bars or in the street, over an imagined slight or to defend himself but he was more aggressive than the usual person and it was always while he was drinking.Much of the book is devoted to his childhood and adolescence during and after World War II. The secret drinking, which began at a young age, was the classic experimentation that many alcoholics describe as the beginning of their addiction. Hamill tells of his wish to be different from his father and not to become a drunk â€Å"and yet drinking started to seem as natural to real life as breathing.† (p. 107)Hamill paints a picture of a rough Irish Catholic neighborhood and the drinking and fighting that were an integral part of his world. For a time he made his own money, giving some to his mother since his father lost his job. He attended high school and hung out with his friends, all the while increasing his drinking.He did not consider it a problem at first; he believed that he was not drunk as long as he knew where he was and what he was doing. As he entered high school, the drinking increased and became less secretive, due partly to the fact that teenagers were expected to drink and act a little wildly. This, unfortunately, is not beneficial to a decent grade average and Hamill began to fail all his classes after only two years of high school.One thing Hamill sees as a failure on his part is his lack of belief in God. While he does not attribute his addiction to this, he tells of his anger at the church for double standards regarding the poor and the fact that at least one of the priests was â€Å"like my father: a drunk.† (p. 106) This lack of respect for the church prevented him from relying on his faith as many do in times of crisis in their lives.

The Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay

Drake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this is truly the characters meet their demise. This quote is an excellent representation of both why and how the characters of Othello meet all of their downfalls and how they are tricked by Iago. Such evidence in the story to support this quote are Othello’s insecurity of his relationship, Roderigo’s inability to live without Desdemona, and how everyone relies on Iago for help. These are just instants where the characters did not understand each other are Cassio and Desdemona being unaware of the motivations for Oth ello’s hatred toward them, Iago cannot accept the fact that Cassio was chosen for lieutenant over himself, and no one realizes that Iago was using everyone to his advantage until the very end. Othello becomes insecure with his marriage after Iago purposely creates an illusion that Desdemona is having an affair with Cassio. Othello believes Iago, not just because of Iago’s â€Å"evidence,† but because Othello always had a feeling Desdemona would leave him for someone else becauseShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare757 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expressesRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Tragedy of Othello† is commonly considered one of Shakespeare s greatest tragedies and one of his finest works. In this play we see many literary devices at work. Several of these devices are involved in Iago’s deceitful plot against Othello that creates much suspense for the duration of the play. In â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† William Shakespeare uses symbolism, irony, and tone to create this classic drama . Symbols are central to understanding â€Å"Othello† as a play. There are two significantRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1418 Words   |  6 Pagesentertainment through their literature since the first known published work. However, for many centuries the writer has also been seen to have a diagnostic function, scrutinizing the ills of their society and portraying them for the world to see. William Shakespeare, 1564-1616, was an English playwright, poet and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s most distinguished dramatist. His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 playsRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1141 Words   |  5 Pages2 Hr 16 December 2014 Othello Essay The Tragedy of Othello The renowned play of Othello was written by William Shakespeare in the 17th century. The drama follows the life of Othello, a well-respected and admired Venetian general, and the lie he gets tangled up in. Othello is deceived by his â€Å"trustworthy† friend, Iago, who confidently convinces Othello that his honest wife, Desdemona, committed infidelity upon him with his honorable lieutenant, Cassio. At the start, Othello doesn’t quite believe IagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1737 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello the: Moor of Venice was written by William Shakespeare, and it is only one of countless notable plays he wrote. A reoccurring theme in Othello is jealousy brought on usually by deception; throughout the play people often hide their true intentions and are not always what they appear to be like W.H Auden said â€Å"There s always another story. There s more than meets the eye.† The relationships Iago built on manipulatio n, lies, and false promises were a crucial part of the play;Read MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare998 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice is William Shakespeare’s play, written around sixteen hundreds. The Tragedy of Othello is not just a story of jealousy; this is a tragedy of the clash of two worlds. One of them is a world of absolute cynic, manipulate or Iago; the second world is the world of all the other characters in the tragedy, including, possibly, even Othello. Even though both of the main male characters, Iago and Othello, are murderers, they have different types of charactersRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare864 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play The Tragedy of Othello, The Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare, Emilia is portrayed as a women who doesn’t have enough self-confidence. She does many awful misdeeds to please her husband, and hopes that he will give her some affection. She just want to make her husband happy. Emilia betrayed her lady Desdemona, because Lago asked for her handkerchief for a while and since she just dropp ed it, suddenly, Emilia thought that this was her opportunity to quickly grab it and make LagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice, is a play written by William Shakespeare between 1601 and 1604 in England. Shakespeare is a legendary author, poet, and play writer. He has wrote many plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear Othello is about a black general by the name of Othello who is desperately in love with a young woman named Desdemona. They marry and attempt to build a life together, even though Othello is way older than she is, he’s black, and did not come fromRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe play â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice† by William Shakespeare is often listed among the greatest stories of tragedies which explores numerous controversial topics including Inter-racial marriage, racism, j ealousy and revenge. While the titular character Othello is the protagonist of the story and definitely does occupy a large part of the play, the real focus of the play is on the ‘ingenuous’ Iago who makes everyone dance on his fingers and successfully manipulates them. The â€Å"Honest†Read MoreThe Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello959 Words   |  4 Pagesthey have to deal with. According to dictionary.com, a struggle is defined as, â€Å"a forceful/violent attempt or effort to get free from restraint or contrition†. Some of these personal struggles are more pronounced than other. From Othello, the tragedy by William Shakespeare, we can see how humans are faced with individual contentions, and their daily actions are ways and efforts of trying to free themselves. In the discussion below we consider Othello’s struggle with being different, gullibility, timidity The Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay Writers have been responsible for providing wisdom and entertainment through their literature since the first known published work. However, for many centuries the writer has also been seen to have a diagnostic function, scrutinizing the ills of their society and portraying them for the world to see. William Shakespeare, 1564-1616, was an English playwright, poet and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world s most distinguished dramatist. His surviving works, including some collaborations, consist of about 38 plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems and a few other verses. His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright, past and present. One of the most famous examples of these plays is the tragedy of â€Å"Othello†, believed to have been written in approximately 1603. The work revolves around four central characters; Othello, a Moorish general in the Venetian army; his new wife, Desdemona; his lieutenant, Cassio; and his trusted ensign, Iago. Throughout the play of â€Å"Othello†, William Shakespeare diagnoses and portrays two ills within his own society, which are undeniably still present in society today. Shakespeare portrays the issues of prejudice against race and prejudice against gender. In this essay I will discuss how, through the play of â€Å"Othello†, Shakespeare portrays these still current themes as well as how they were huge issues within theShow MoreRelatedThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare757 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expressesRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare938 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"The Tragedy of Othello† is commonly considered one of Shakespeare s greatest tragedies and one of his finest works. In this play we see many literary devices at work. Several of these devices are involved in Iago’s deceitful plot against Othello that creates much suspense for the duration of the play. In â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† William Shakespeare uses symbolism, irony, and tone to create this classic drama . Symbols are central to understanding â€Å"Othello† as a play. There are two significantRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare Essay1537 Words   |  7 PagesDrake Usher Ms. Zamanis Honors English II March 18, 2016 Othello Essay â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello,† by William Shakespeare, is about the tragic downfall of a once great man named Othello by the manipulation of Iago, the antagonist of the story. However, a deeper meaning of Othello could be â€Å"[It] is a tragedy of incomprehension, not at the level on intrigue but at the deepest level of human dealings. No one in Othello come to understand himself or anyone else.† It is debated on whether or not this isRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1141 Words   |  5 Pages2 Hr 16 December 2014 Othello Essay The Tragedy of Othello The renowned play of Othello was written by William Shakespeare in the 17th century. The drama follows the life of Othello, a well-respected and admired Venetian general, and the lie he gets tangled up in. Othello is deceived by his â€Å"trustworthy† friend, Iago, who confidently convinces Othello that his honest wife, Desdemona, committed infidelity upon him with his honorable lieutenant, Cassio. At the start, Othello doesn’t quite believe IagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1737 Words   |  7 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello the: Moor of Venice was written by William Shakespeare, and it is only one of countless notable plays he wrote. A reoccurring theme in Othello is jealousy brought on usually by deception; throughout the play people often hide their true intentions and are not always what they appear to be like W.H Auden said â€Å"There s always another story. There s more than meets the eye.† The relationships Iago built on manipulatio n, lies, and false promises were a crucial part of the play;Read MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare998 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello: The Moor of Venice is William Shakespeare’s play, written around sixteen hundreds. The Tragedy of Othello is not just a story of jealousy; this is a tragedy of the clash of two worlds. One of them is a world of absolute cynic, manipulate or Iago; the second world is the world of all the other characters in the tragedy, including, possibly, even Othello. Even though both of the main male characters, Iago and Othello, are murderers, they have different types of charactersRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare864 Words   |  4 PagesIn the play The Tragedy of Othello, The Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare, Emilia is portrayed as a women who doesn’t have enough self-confidence. She does many awful misdeeds to please her husband, and hopes that he will give her some affection. She just want to make her husband happy. Emilia betrayed her lady Desdemona, because Lago asked for her handkerchief for a while and since she just dropp ed it, suddenly, Emilia thought that this was her opportunity to quickly grab it and make LagoRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1133 Words   |  5 PagesThe Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice, is a play written by William Shakespeare between 1601 and 1604 in England. Shakespeare is a legendary author, poet, and play writer. He has wrote many plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Macbeth, and King Lear Othello is about a black general by the name of Othello who is desperately in love with a young woman named Desdemona. They marry and attempt to build a life together, even though Othello is way older than she is, he’s black, and did not come fromRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare1854 Words   |  8 PagesThe play â€Å"The Tragedy of Othello, the Moor of Venice† by William Shakespeare is often listed among the greatest stories of tragedies which explores numerous controversial topics including Inter-racial marriage, racism, j ealousy and revenge. While the titular character Othello is the protagonist of the story and definitely does occupy a large part of the play, the real focus of the play is on the ‘ingenuous’ Iago who makes everyone dance on his fingers and successfully manipulates them. The â€Å"Honest†Read MoreThe Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello959 Words   |  4 Pagesthey have to deal with. According to dictionary.com, a struggle is defined as, â€Å"a forceful/violent attempt or effort to get free from restraint or contrition†. Some of these personal struggles are more pronounced than other. From Othello, the tragedy by William Shakespeare, we can see how humans are faced with individual contentions, and their daily actions are ways and efforts of trying to free themselves. In the discussion below we consider Othello’s struggle with being different, gullibility, timidity